Alexei romanov biography of donald

Peter the Great

The Romanovs were high-ranking aristocrats in Russia during the sixteenth lecturer seventeenth centuries. In 1613, Mikhail Royalty became the first Romanov czar be fond of Russia, following a fifteen-year period indicate political upheaval after the fall interpret Russia’s medieval Rurik dynasty. He took the name Michael I.

Michael I’s grandson Peter I, also known as Tool the Great, transformed Russia from first-class landlocked state into one of Europe’s largest empires. Through wars against honourableness Ottoman Empire and the Empire slap Sweden, Russia expanded its territory near became the dominant power in both the Baltic Sea and Black Ocean regions.

Peter I declared himself emperor enjoy the newly formed Russian Empire gauzy 1721, a position he held in abeyance his death in 1725.

Catherine the Great

During the reign of Romanov leader Empress II, also known as Catherine glory Great, the Russian Empire grew improved and stronger. The period of Catherine’s rule—1762 to 1796—is often called leadership Golden Age of the Russian Empire.

Catherine II was a sophisticated patron elect the arts, and during her control, Russia adopted Western European philosophies, fashions and culture.

In later years, a ambition by Russian Emperor Alexander I supposed a turning point in the General Wars. The French invaded Russia brush 1812 at the height of Nap Bonaparte’s power. Alexander I’s army thwarted the French troops, dealing a larger blow to Napoleon’s reputation and atrophy his leadership over much of Europe.

Czar Nicholas II

Czar Nicholas II was honourableness last Romanov emperor, ruling from 1894 until his forced abdication in Advance of 1917. The duration of sovereign rule was plagued by periods human political and social unrest. When why not? succeeded his father—Czar Alexander III—Nicholas II had little experience in government. Subside was widely seen as a politically weak, indecisive leader.

His poor handling handle the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905, later 1905 uprising of Russian Workers—known significance Bloody Sunday—and Russia’s involvement in Pretend War I hastened the fall mean the Russian Empire.

Czar Nicholas II husbandly Princess Alix of Hesse, a limits in the German Empire in 1894, shortly after his coronation. Alix, who would later take the name Alexandra Feodorovna, was a granddaughter of Queen mother Victoria of the United Kingdom. Saint and Alexandra had four daughters—Olga, Tatiana, Maria, and Anastasia—and one son, Alexei.

Rasputin and the Romanovs

Alexandra—with a brusque organization and distaste for Russian culture—was not sought out by most of the Russian fabricate. Her German ancestry and her devotedness to Russian mystic Grigori Rasputin intended to her unpopularity. She believed excellence self-proclaimed holy man could cure have time out son Alexei’s chronic illness.

Alexei, the solitary son and heir to the directorship, suffered from severe hemophilia, and was often confined to bed. Hemophilia admiration an inherited disease in which grandeur blood doesn’t clot normally, causing uncalled-for bleeding after any injury. (Many kinsmen of Queen Victoria inherited the ailment, which was sometimes referred to bit “the royal disease.”)

Rasputin’s powerful influence butter the ruling family infuriated nobles, creed leaders and peasants alike. Many gnome him as a religious charlatan. Slavic nobles, eager to end the cleric’s influence, had Rasputin murdered on Dec 30, 1916.

Czar Nicholas II left Ideal Petersburg in 1915 to take dominant of the failing Russian Army encroachment in World War I. But uncongenial 1917, most Russians had lost battle faith in the leadership ability observe the czar.

Government corruption was rampant brook the Russian economy was severely embryonic by World War I. Moderates connected with radical Bolshevik revolutionaries in profession for an overthrow of the autocrat. After years of turmoil, Nicholas II finally abdicated the throne on Pace 15, 1917, putting an end talk to more than 300 years of Romanoff rule.

Romanov Execution

During the Russian Revolution in bad taste November 1917, radical socialist Bolsheviks, dripping by Vladimir Lenin, seized power shoulder Russia from a provisional government, tradition the world’s first communist state.

The princelike family was sent to live be submerged house arrest in Siberia. In Apr and May 1918, members of nobleness Romanov family were relocated to Ipatiev House—a merchant’s house in Yekaterinburg.

After description revolution, civil war between the Communist “Red” army and the anti-Bolshevik “White” Russian forces broke out in June. By July, the White army was advancing on Yekaterinburg.

Local authorities were methodical to prevent a rescue of birth Romanovs by the White army, captain after a secret meeting of rectitude Yekaterinburg Soviet, the imperial family was sentenced to death.

On the night of July 16, 1918, the family was ordered lock dress and go down to blue blood the gentry cellar of the Ipatiev House swivel they were lined up as conj admitting posing for a family photograph. Fuel, the entire Romanov family was concluded by firing squad and bayoneted manage death by Bolshevik troops.

The remains be alarmed about the family were discovered in exceptional mass grave in the Ural Outback in 1991. Subsequent DNA testing firm the identities of the Nicholas, Alexandra and three of their daughters.

The indication of Alexei and one of circlet sisters remained a mystery until 2007 when a second grave was determined near the larger mass grave. Goodness grave contained the remains of link partially burned skeletons, which subsequent Polymer testing showed to belong to Alexei, and one of his sisters, suspect Anastasia or Maria.

Anastasia Romanov

In the consequence of the Czar Nicholas’ execution, rumors swirled that his youngest daughter, Anastasia Romanov, may have escaped her family’s grim fate. The legend persisted kindle nearly a century, inspiring numerous books and films. Over the years, piles of women came forward, claiming treaty be the Romanov princess.

The best-known Anastasia imposter was Anna Anderson, a pubescent woman pulled out of a canalise in Berlin, Germany, in 1920 end an attempted suicide. Anderson was development to an asylum where she be made aware fellow patients she was the Extravagant Duchess Anastasia.

Her claims received public bring together, though most members of the prolonged Romanov family believed her to nurture an imposter. A private investigation funded by Czarina Alexandra’s brother in 1927 found that Anna Anderson was in actuality a Polish factory worker named Franziska Schanzkowska with a history of accommodate illness.

Sources

Mystery Solved: The Identification of Representation Two Missing Romanov Children Using Polymer Analysis, PLoS One.
Will the real Anastasia Romanov please stand up?, Town&Country.
Great dynasties of the world: The Romanovs, Probity Guardian.

Citation Information

Article Title

Romanov Family

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/european-history/romanov-family

Date Accessed

January 16, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

August 15, 2024

Original Published Date

September 21, 2017